Report Text: Memory storage

 Soal Latihan Ujian Nasional Beserta jawaban:

Once a memory is created, it must be stored (no matter how briefly). Many experts think there are three ways we store memories: first in the sensory stage; then in short- term memory; and ultimately, for some memories, in long-term memory. Because there is no need for us to maintain everything in our brain, the different stages of human memory function as a sort of filter that helps to protect us from the flood of information that we're confronted with on a daily basis.

The creation of a memory begins with its perception: The registration during perception occurs in the brief sensory stage that usually lasts only a fraction of a second. It’s your sensory memory that allows a perception such as a visual pattern, a sound, or a touch to linger for a brief moment after the stimulation is over.

After the first flicker, the sensation is stored in short-term memory. Short-term memory has a fairly limited capacity; it can hold about seven items for no more than 20 or 30 seconds at a time.

Important information is gradually transferred from short-term memory into long- term memory. The more the information is repeated or used, the more likely it eventually end up in long-term memory, or to be "retained." Unlike sensory short-term memory, which are limited and decay rapidly, long-term memory can store unlimited amounts of information indefinitely.

 People tend to more easily store material on subjects that they already know something about, since the information has more meaning to them and can be mentally connected to related information that is already stored in their long-term memory. That's why someone who has an average memory may be able to remember a greater depth of information about one particular subject

1.    According to the text ... .

A.  not all information in short-term memory is stored in long-term memory.

B.   the process of transfer from short-term to long-term memory is very fast.

C.   the process of transfer feom short-term to long-term memory is no more than 20 seconds.

D.  short-term memory have unlimited capacity.

E.   the perception of information happens after the creation of memory.

2.    We know from the text that... .

A.  we can store all information we get in our long-term memory.

B.   the process of storing information is done in three stages.

C.   the work of our memory depends on the capacity of it.

D.  short-term memory is the most important memory.

E.   information just stays for a while in our memory.

3.    “. . . that helps to protect us from the flood of information that we're confronted with on a daily basis."      (Paragraph 1) The underlined word is closest in meaning to... .

A.  encountered                             C. united                                E. interpreted

B.   compared                                 D. expressed