Report Text: Learning disabilities

Soal Latihan Ujian Nasional Beserta jawaban:

 

Learning disabilities result from faulty perception, processing, and communication of information within the brain. Pediatricians can supply charts of developmental milestones, allowing parents to compare their children with norms in major stages of growth.

Learning disabilities include: auditory processing disorder, which makes It difficult to distinguish between sounds, and visual processing disorder, which causes problems with reading, map interpretation, and other work requiring analysis of visual information.

Dyscalculia interferes with math ability and can cause problems using money. Dysgraphia is a difficulty with writing that may include problems with handwriting, spelling, and organization of ideas. Dyslexia is a dis-

order of language processing. Dyspraxia or apraxia is a sensory integration disorder that interferes with motor coordination or speech. People with apraxia or dyspraxia of speech, two names for an absent or diminished speech ability, can understand what's said to them, but have trouble articulating what they want to say. The root cause isn't in the muscle of the lips or tongue but rather in the brain.

Adults can acquire either disorder through brain injury, stroke, or tumor. A form of the disorder called developmental apraxia exists from birth. Scientists believe it arises either from a problem in overall language development, or through faulty neutral communication between the brain's language centers and the muscles that produce speech. The fact that children with developmental apraxia have a greater likelihood of family members with communication or learning disabilities point toward a genetic component.

1.      In general the text tells us about ...

A.  the general information about learning disabilities        

B. the danger of learning disabilities

C. the brain structure of people with learning disabilities  

D. auditory and visual processing disorder

E.   that causes learning disabilities in children

2.      The underline word “root” in the text above have similar meaning to ...

A.   the part of a plant that is usually found underground     D. primary

B.   a plant                                                                              E. wrong

C.   defective

3.      Based on the text, which is WRONG?

A.   someone who suffers from apraxia of speech is able to understand what is said to him/her

B.   developmental apraxia occurs from birth

C.   problems in the brain may lead to learning disabilities

D.   people who have visual prosessing disorder are illiterate

E.    genetic component may play a role in developmental apraxia